Born Delaware, Ohio; October 4, 1822
– January 17, 1893. Hayes lost the popular vote to Democrat Samuel J.
Tilden,
but he won an intensely disputed electoral college vote after a Congressional
commission awarded him 20 contested electoral votes. The result was the Compromise
of 1877,
in which the Democrats acquiesced to Hayes's election and Hayes ended all
federal army intervention in Southern politics. That caused the collapse of
Republican state governments and led to a solidly Democratic South.
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